In 2025, Li Ding and team from Shanghai University of Sport studied 16 trained men. In a double-blind test, they chewed caffeinated gum (4 mg/kg) or fake gum, then did bench press and back squat lifts. They measured max strength (1RM), power at different weights (25–90%), and muscle activity.

A 2025 UCLA pilot study led by Sanjay Mohanty found that a single piece of chewing gum can release between 100 to over 600 microplastic particles per gram, which means a large stick may shed up to 3,000 fragments into your saliva during chewing.